kidney function in animation how our Kidney Works Wie funktioniert die Niere 私たちの腎臓のしくみ

We can live quite well with only one kidney and some people live a healthy life even though born with one missing. But while bones can break, muscles can waste away and the brain can sleep without risk to life, if both of your kidneys fail, as happens in end stage kidney failure, bone, muscle or brain can not carry on.

How do our kidneys work?
Think of your kidneys as an extremely sophisticated, waste disposal system, which sorts non-recyclable waste from recyclable waste, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, while also cleaning your blood. Much of this waste is produced by the body as it processes the food you eat.

Without any kidney function our body dies. Some kidney function is essential for life!

Most people are born with two kidneys, each one about the size of an adult fist, are bean-shaped and weigh around 150 grams each. The kidneys are located at both sides of your backbone, just under the rib cage or above the small of your back. They are protected from injury by a large padding of fat, your lower ribs and several muscles.

What do your kidneys do?

Our kidneys are small biological marvels with a fascinating design. Healthy kidneys act like a filter to make sure the right amount of wastes and fluids are removed. Every hour your blood supply circulates through the kidneys about 12 times. Each day your kidneys process around 200 litres of blood, with around 1 to 2 litres of waste leaving the body as urine. Our kidneys make three important hormones, erythropoietin, renin and active vitamin D. Erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells, renin is involved in the control of blood pressure and active vitamin D controls calcium uptake and helps make strong bones.

What is the role of your kidneys in keeping you healthy?

For organs so small, your kidneys works hard - they have a number of vital roles to play in the daily functions of our body, as they:

act as filters for your body to clean blood of wastes, yet retain essential elements needed by the body

they keep the proper balance of salts and acids in the body, and produce hormones and enzymes which help to:

control your blood pressure

help to keep your internal water balance

make red blood cells and help maintain your blood composition and pH levels

maintain strong and healthy bones and help to keep mineral balance

Your kidneys are master chemists of the body, intervene in many processes and balances in the body and control many vital body functions. The major role of the kidneys is to remove waste from the blood and eliminate it in the urine. To remove this waste and extra water, blood enters the kidney through the renal artery; blood is then cleaned in the kidney as it passes through tiny filters called nephrons. The nephrons are the basic working units of the kidneys, controlling the formation of urine. One kidney contains about one million nephrons, and each nephron contains a filtering apparatus called a glomerulus.

Anatomy of the kidneys

We have about a million hairpin-like glomeruli at birth, but lose about 100,000 of these every decade of life. Droplets of filtered blood pass through a number of tubules (tiny tubes) into the medulla, a central collecting region. The glomeruli and tubules together make up nephrons, long and extremely fine tubes which, if connected, would run for 80 kilometres (50 miles).

Cleaned blood returns to the body by the renal vein. Waste and extra water removed by the kidney passes through a tube called the ureter to the bladder, where it is stored as urine or wee. When the bladder is full, urine passes out of the body through another tube called the urethra.

The process of removing waste and extra water in simple terms is:

food and drink enters the stomach and are broken down into nutrients

solid waste products are removed and nutrients enter the bloodstream.

nutrients are used by the body for energy, growth, repair and maintenance of body functions.

this process creates waste which is removed by the kidneys.

extra nutrients not immediately needed by the body are also removed by the kidneys.

waste products and extra water move from the kidneys to the bladder, then leave the body as urine

The kidneys are designed to last a life-time. They do an amazing job! It is important to care for them.

France study finds food packaging chemical Bisphenol A could harm pregnant women

A chemical called Bisphenol A could produce health and behavioural problems for pregnant women and their unborn children, according to French health authority ANSES.

Bisphenol, known as BPA,

is used in food packaging such as tins, bottles and boxes and also in dental fillings.

Health risks include obesity, reproductive problems and developing tumours later in life.

In 2006, the US Government sponsored an assessment of the scientific literature on BPA. 38 opponents of bisphenol A gathered in Chapel Hill, North Carolina to review several hundred studies on BPA, many conducted by members of the group. At the end of the meeting, the group issued the Chapel Hill Consensus Statement,which stated "BPA at concentrations found in the human body is associated with organizational changes in the prostate, breast, testis, mammary glands, body size, brain structure and chemistry, and behavior of laboratory animals."

The Chapel Hill Consensus Statement claimed that average levels in people are above those that cause harm to many animals in laboratory experiments. They noted that while BPA is not persistent in the environment or in humans, biomonitoring surveys indicate that exposure is continuous, however, which is problematic because acute animal exposure studies are used to estimate daily human exposure to BPA, and no studies that had examined BPA pharmacokinetics in animal models had followed continuous low-level exposures. They added that measurement of BPA levels in serum and other body fluids suggests the possibilities that BPA intake is much higher than accounted for, and/or that BPA can bioaccumulate in some conditions (such as pregnancy).

A panel convened by the U.S. National Institutes of Health in 2007 produced a 384 review of the literature and found that many of the studies referenced by the Chapel Hill group had methodological problems. Its conclusions. "expressed relative to current estimates of general population exposure levels in the U.S." were:

1. For pregnant women and fetuses the Expert Panel has different levels of concern for the different developmental endpoints that may be susceptible to bisphenol A disruption, as follows:

• For neural and behavioral effects, the Expert Panel has some concern

• For prostate effects, the Expert Panel has minimal concern

• For the potential effect of accelerated puberty, the Expert Panel has minimal concern• For birth defects and malformations, the Expert Panel has negligible concern
2. For infants and children the Expert Panel has the following levels of concern for biological processes that might be altered by Bisphenol A, as follows:

• some concern for neural and behavioral effects

• minimal concern for the effect of accelerated puberty

3. For adults, the Expert Panel has negligible concern for adverse reproductive effects following exposures in the general population to Bisphenol A. For highly exposed subgroups, such as occupationally exposed populations, the level of concern is elevated to minimal.

A 2008 report by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) found "some concern for effects on the brain, behavior, and prostate gland in fetuses, infants, and children at current human exposures to bisphenol A"; "minimal concern for effects on the mammary gland and an earlier age for puberty for females in fetuses, infants, and children at current human exposures to bisphenol A", and "negligible concern that exposure of pregnant women to bisphenol A will result in fetal or neonatal mortality, birth defects, or reduced birth weight and growth in their offspring" and "that exposure to bisphenol A will cause reproductive effects in non-occupationally exposed adults and minimal concern for workers exposed to higher levels in occupational settings."

automatic rotary sauce filling capping labeling machine salsa de la máquina de llenado tapado

The video shows the automatic production line for sauce with process of filling capping labeling for glass jars.

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semi automatic single head thick sauce filling machine pneumatic cream filler

The pedal filling machine for thick sauce like pepper sauce

is characterizad by its reasonable compact, convenient operation and maintenance, linear entrancing and positioning. It is suitable for various caps, its adaptability is very good. It is widely used for screwing three or four-circle cap, PET cap, plastic threaded cap in industries like food, beverages, sauces, condiments, etc. The pneumatic and electric components we used in this machine are world-renowned brand, it is very reliable and durable.

Technical parameters of pneumatic cream filler:

screwing speed: 20-40bottles/h

diameter of the bottle body: 30-110mm

diameter of the cap:60-100mm

power: 220V,50Hz single phase./380V ,3 phases 50HZ

Height of the bottle: 50-280mm power: 300w

air pressure: 0．7Mpa 0.3m3/min weight: 260kg

Dimension: 1800*700*1700mm G.W.: 90kg

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life is uncertain Leben ist ungewiss 人生は不確実である

These zigzag paths we travel May change,

we know not when,

Diverging far and farther,

To never meet again.

We trust no freak of fortune,

Fear no decree of fate;

We know God's chosen pathways Lead all to Heaven's gate.

The years may crowd around us,

With faces strange and rude,

'Till time has come between us,

As some great multitude;

Yet we who wait with patience,

In each appointed place,

When the years have gone,

shall stand Immortal, face to face.



These troubled tossing breakers,

Ah! who can tell their power?

They sink the iron-clad vessel,

They float the frailest flower.

We know not who shall longest

Their ceaseless strife endure,

The weakest or the strongest

No safe return insure.



So changing and uncertain

Are all life's winding ways,

That, lost in contemplation,

My soul bows down and prays:

"O God, amid the mazes Of life's uncertainty,

Teach us to love each other,

And leave the rest to Thee!"

Just because life is uncertain we wisely should choose to pay for some insurance to build a schild to against the storm of uncertainty.Health Insurance,welfare system,private right protection system,all of which are just the lacks and leaks in China social system.All is a blah-blah before faciliating these basic right for its people.

China,sometime you really look like a Sala,less people get its Gala!